Only if you were to measure the physical dimentions. (Using physical dimentions and changing the ppi would add or remove pixels)
inches X ppi = pixels
A 1200 x 1600 pixel image will be the same on all devices that share that ratio, the ppi difference comes into play when the phyical size of the screen is changed.
Technically the quality never changed only the zoom changed.
When designing a screen at 1200x1600 (example) That image will fit on any screen that has that spec.
The ratio plays a role when only 1 of the 2 pixel dimentions changes (width or the height).
On larger screens, the ppi is lower to equal the same number of pixels. So when a device can support a higher resolution, the ppi is increased on the same size screen.
Knowing that, having the specs of the device will tell you the maximum number of pixels that screen can display.
Therefore, when designing a screen, always start with the largest resolution (pixel dimmentions) first, then downsample to the next size screen and so on.
The reason is simple, it is easier to remove pixels, then it is to add them later, as photoshop or any other software does not know what should be there.
BTW, this is also the reason why you can change the pixel dimentions in the save for web dialog box and not the physical size or ppi. To make it easy to reduce the pixel dimentions.